The Lancet - In 2010, WHO released guidelines for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV1 that recommended countries adopt one of two regimens: initiation of two antiretroviral drugs (option A) or antiretroviral therapy (ART; option B) to be taken for the duration of transmission risk. Malawi chose to implement option B but modified such that HIV-infected women were initiated on lifelong ART during pregnancy or breastfeeding, irrespective of their CD4 cell count (referred to as option B+).
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